sendou.ink/app/modules/brackets-manager/create.ts

import type {
  Group,
  InputStage,
  Match,
  MatchGame,
  Participant,
  Round,
  Seeding,
  SeedOrdering,
  Stage,
} from "brackets-model";
import { defaultMinorOrdering, ordering } from "./ordering";
import type {
  Duel,
  Storage,
  OmitId,
  ParticipantSlot,
  StandardBracketResults,
} from "./types";
import type { BracketsManager } from ".";
import * as helpers from "./helpers";

/**
 * Creates a stage.
 *
 * @param this Instance of BracketsManager.
 * @param stage The stage to create.
 */
export function create(this: BracketsManager, stage: InputStage): Stage {
  const instance = new Create(this.storage, stage);
  return instance.run();
}

export class Create {
  private storage: Storage;
  private stage: InputStage;
  private readonly seedOrdering: SeedOrdering[];
  private updateMode: boolean;
  private enableByesInUpdate: boolean;
  private currentStageId!: number;

  /**
   * Creates an instance of Create, which will handle the creation of the stage.
   *
   * @param storage The implementation of Storage.
   * @param stage The stage to create.
   */
  constructor(storage: Storage, stage: InputStage) {
    this.storage = storage;
    this.stage = stage;
    this.stage.settings = this.stage.settings || {};
    this.seedOrdering = this.stage.settings.seedOrdering || [];
    this.updateMode = false;
    this.enableByesInUpdate = false;

    if (!this.stage.name) throw Error("You must provide a name for the stage.");

    if (!Number.isInteger(this.stage.tournamentId))
      throw Error("You must provide a tournament id for the stage.");

    if (stage.type === "round_robin")
      this.stage.settings.roundRobinMode =
        this.stage.settings.roundRobinMode || "simple";

    if (stage.type === "single_elimination")
      this.stage.settings.consolationFinal =
        this.stage.settings.consolationFinal || false;

    if (stage.type === "double_elimination")
      this.stage.settings.grandFinal = this.stage.settings.grandFinal || "none";

    this.stage.settings.matchesChildCount =
      this.stage.settings.matchesChildCount || 0;
  }

  /**
   * Run the creation process.
   */
  public run(): Stage {
    let stage: Stage;

    switch (this.stage.type) {
      case "round_robin":
        stage = this.roundRobin();
        break;
      case "single_elimination":
        stage = this.singleElimination();
        break;
      case "double_elimination":
        stage = this.doubleElimination();
        break;
      default:
        throw Error("Unknown stage type.");
    }

    if (stage.id === -1)
      throw Error("Something went wrong when creating the stage.");

    this.ensureSeedOrdering(stage.id);

    return stage;
  }

  /**
   * Enables the update mode.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the stage.
   * @param enableByes Whether to use BYEs or TBDs for `null` values in an input seeding.
   */
  public setExisting(stageId: number, enableByes: boolean): void {
    this.updateMode = true;
    this.currentStageId = stageId;
    this.enableByesInUpdate = enableByes;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a round-robin stage.
   *
   * Group count must be given. It will distribute participants in groups and rounds.
   */
  private roundRobin(): Stage {
    const groups = this.getRoundRobinGroups();
    const stage = this.createStage();

    for (let i = 0; i < groups.length; i++)
      this.createRoundRobinGroup(stage.id, i + 1, groups[i]);

    return stage;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a single elimination stage.
   *
   * One bracket and optionally a consolation final between semi-final losers.
   */
  private singleElimination(): Stage {
    if (
      Array.isArray(this.stage.settings?.seedOrdering) &&
      this.stage.settings?.seedOrdering.length !== 1
    )
      throw Error("You must specify one seed ordering method.");

    const slots = this.getSlots();
    const stage = this.createStage();
    const method = this.getStandardBracketFirstRoundOrdering();
    const ordered = ordering[method](slots);

    const { losers } = this.createStandardBracket(stage.id, 1, ordered);
    this.createConsolationFinal(stage.id, losers);

    return stage;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a double elimination stage.
   *
   * One upper bracket (winner bracket, WB), one lower bracket (loser bracket, LB) and optionally a grand final
   * between the winner of both bracket, which can be simple or double.
   */
  private doubleElimination(): Stage {
    if (
      this.stage.settings &&
      Array.isArray(this.stage.settings.seedOrdering) &&
      this.stage.settings.seedOrdering.length < 1
    )
      throw Error("You must specify at least one seed ordering method.");

    const slots = this.getSlots();
    const stage = this.createStage();
    const method = this.getStandardBracketFirstRoundOrdering();
    const ordered = ordering[method](slots);

    if (this.stage.settings?.skipFirstRound)
      this.createDoubleEliminationSkipFirstRound(stage.id, ordered);
    else this.createDoubleElimination(stage.id, ordered);

    return stage;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a double elimination stage with skip first round option.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the stage.
   * @param slots A list of slots.
   */
  private createDoubleEliminationSkipFirstRound(
    stageId: number,
    slots: ParticipantSlot[]
  ): void {
    const { even: directInWb, odd: directInLb } = helpers.splitByParity(slots);
    const { losers: losersWb, winner: winnerWb } = this.createStandardBracket(
      stageId,
      1,
      directInWb
    );

    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-asserted-optional-chain
    if (helpers.isDoubleEliminationNecessary(this.stage.settings?.size!)) {
      const winnerLb = this.createLowerBracket(stageId, 2, [
        directInLb,
        ...losersWb,
      ]);
      this.createGrandFinal(stageId, winnerWb, winnerLb);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates a double elimination stage.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the stage.
   * @param slots A list of slots.
   */
  private createDoubleElimination(
    stageId: number,
    slots: ParticipantSlot[]
  ): void {
    const { losers: losersWb, winner: winnerWb } = this.createStandardBracket(
      stageId,
      1,
      slots
    );

    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-asserted-optional-chain
    if (helpers.isDoubleEliminationNecessary(this.stage.settings?.size!)) {
      const winnerLb = this.createLowerBracket(stageId, 2, losersWb);
      this.createGrandFinal(stageId, winnerWb, winnerLb);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Creates a round-robin group.
   *
   * This will make as many rounds as needed to let each participant match every other once.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the parent stage.
   * @param number Number in the stage.
   * @param slots A list of slots.
   */
  private createRoundRobinGroup(
    stageId: number,
    number: number,
    slots: ParticipantSlot[]
  ): void {
    const groupId = this.insertGroup({
      stage_id: stageId,
      number,
    });

    if (groupId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the group.");

    const rounds = helpers.makeRoundRobinMatches(
      slots,
      this.stage.settings?.roundRobinMode
    );

    for (let i = 0; i < rounds.length; i++)
      this.createRound(stageId, groupId, i + 1, rounds[0].length, rounds[i]);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a standard bracket, which is the only one in single elimination and the upper one in double elimination.
   *
   * This will make as many rounds as needed to end with one winner.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the parent stage.
   * @param number Number in the stage.
   * @param slots A list of slots.
   */
  private createStandardBracket(
    stageId: number,
    number: number,
    slots: ParticipantSlot[]
  ): StandardBracketResults {
    const roundCount = helpers.getUpperBracketRoundCount(slots.length);
    const groupId = this.insertGroup({
      stage_id: stageId,
      number,
    });

    if (groupId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the group.");

    let duels = helpers.makePairs(slots);
    let roundNumber = 1;

    const losers: ParticipantSlot[][] = [];

    for (let i = roundCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
      const matchCount = Math.pow(2, i);
      duels = this.getCurrentDuels(duels, matchCount);
      losers.push(duels.map(helpers.byeLoser));
      this.createRound(stageId, groupId, roundNumber++, matchCount, duels);
    }

    return { losers, winner: helpers.byeWinner(duels[0]) };
  }

  /**
   * Creates a lower bracket, alternating between major and minor rounds.
   *
   * - A major round is a regular round.
   * - A minor round matches the previous (major) round's winners against upper bracket losers of the corresponding round.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the parent stage.
   * @param number Number in the stage.
   * @param losers One list of losers per upper bracket round.
   */
  private createLowerBracket(
    stageId: number,
    number: number,
    losers: ParticipantSlot[][]
  ): ParticipantSlot {
    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-asserted-optional-chain
    const participantCount = this.stage.settings?.size!;
    const roundPairCount = helpers.getRoundPairCount(participantCount);

    let losersId = 0;

    const method = this.getMajorOrdering(participantCount);
    const ordered = ordering[method](losers[losersId++]);

    const groupId = this.insertGroup({
      stage_id: stageId,
      number,
    });

    if (groupId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the group.");

    let duels = helpers.makePairs(ordered);
    let roundNumber = 1;

    for (let i = 0; i < roundPairCount; i++) {
      const matchCount = Math.pow(2, roundPairCount - i - 1);

      // Major round.
      duels = this.getCurrentDuels(duels, matchCount, true);
      this.createRound(stageId, groupId, roundNumber++, matchCount, duels);

      // Minor round.
      const minorOrdering = this.getMinorOrdering(
        participantCount,
        i,
        roundPairCount
      );
      duels = this.getCurrentDuels(
        duels,
        matchCount,
        false,
        losers[losersId++],
        minorOrdering
      );
      this.createRound(stageId, groupId, roundNumber++, matchCount, duels);
    }

    return helpers.byeWinnerToGrandFinal(duels[0]);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a bracket with rounds that only have 1 match each. Used for finals.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the parent stage.
   * @param number Number in the stage.
   * @param duels A list of duels.
   */
  private createUniqueMatchBracket(
    stageId: number,
    number: number,
    duels: Duel[]
  ): void {
    const groupId = this.insertGroup({
      stage_id: stageId,
      number,
    });

    if (groupId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the group.");

    for (let i = 0; i < duels.length; i++)
      this.createRound(stageId, groupId, i + 1, 1, [duels[i]]);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a round, which contain matches.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the parent stage.
   * @param groupId ID of the parent group.
   * @param roundNumber Number in the group.
   * @param matchCount Duel/match count.
   * @param duels A list of duels.
   */
  private createRound(
    stageId: number,
    groupId: number,
    roundNumber: number,
    matchCount: number,
    duels: Duel[]
  ): void {
    const matchesChildCount = this.getMatchesChildCount();

    const roundId = this.insertRound({
      number: roundNumber,
      stage_id: stageId,
      group_id: groupId,
    });

    if (roundId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the round.");

    for (let i = 0; i < matchCount; i++)
      this.createMatch(
        stageId,
        groupId,
        roundId,
        i + 1,
        duels[i],
        matchesChildCount
      );
  }

  /**
   * Creates a match, possibly with match games.
   *
   * - If `childCount` is 0, then there is no children. The score of the match is directly its intrinsic score.
   * - If `childCount` is greater than 0, then the score of the match will automatically be calculated based on its child games.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the parent stage.
   * @param groupId ID of the parent group.
   * @param roundId ID of the parent round.
   * @param matchNumber Number in the round.
   * @param opponents The two opponents matching against each other.
   * @param childCount Child count for this match (number of games).
   */
  private createMatch(
    stageId: number,
    groupId: number,
    roundId: number,
    matchNumber: number,
    opponents: Duel,
    childCount: number
  ): void {
    const opponent1 = helpers.toResultWithPosition(opponents[0]);
    const opponent2 = helpers.toResultWithPosition(opponents[1]);

    // Round-robin matches can easily be removed. Prevent BYE vs. BYE matches.
    if (
      this.stage.type === "round_robin" &&
      opponent1 === null &&
      opponent2 === null
    )
      return;

    let existing: Match | null = null;
    let status = helpers.getMatchStatus(opponents);

    if (this.updateMode) {
      existing = this.storage.selectFirst("match", {
        round_id: roundId,
        number: matchNumber,
      });

      const currentChildCount = existing?.child_count;
      childCount =
        currentChildCount === undefined ? childCount : currentChildCount;

      if (existing) {
        // Keep the most advanced status when updating a match.
        const existingStatus = helpers.getMatchStatus(existing);
        if (existingStatus > status) status = existingStatus;
      }
    }

    const parentId = this.insertMatch(
      {
        number: matchNumber,
        stage_id: stageId,
        group_id: groupId,
        round_id: roundId,
        child_count: childCount,
        status: status,
        opponent1,
        opponent2,
      },
      existing
    );

    if (parentId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the match.");

    for (let i = 0; i < childCount; i++) {
      const id = this.insertMatchGame({
        number: i + 1,
        stage_id: stageId,
        parent_id: parentId,
        status: status,
        opponent1: helpers.toResult(opponents[0]),
        opponent2: helpers.toResult(opponents[1]),
      });

      if (id === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the match game.");
    }
  }

  /**
   * Gets the duels for the current round based on the previous one. No ordering is done, it must be done beforehand for the first round.
   *
   * @param previousDuels Duels of the previous round.
   * @param currentDuelCount Count of duels (matches) in the current round.
   */
  private getCurrentDuels(
    previousDuels: Duel[],
    currentDuelCount: number
  ): Duel[];

  /**
   * Gets the duels for a major round in the LB. No ordering is done, it must be done beforehand for the first round.
   *
   * @param previousDuels Duels of the previous round.
   * @param currentDuelCount Count of duels (matches) in the current round.
   * @param major Indicates that the round is a major round in the LB.
   */
  private getCurrentDuels(
    previousDuels: Duel[],
    currentDuelCount: number,
    major: true
  ): Duel[];

  /**
   * Gets the duels for a minor round in the LB. Ordering is done.
   *
   * @param previousDuels Duels of the previous round.
   * @param currentDuelCount Count of duels (matches) in the current round.
   * @param major Indicates that the round is a minor round in the LB.
   * @param losers The losers going from the WB.
   * @param method The ordering method to apply to the losers.
   */
  private getCurrentDuels(
    previousDuels: Duel[],
    currentDuelCount: number,
    major: false,
    losers: ParticipantSlot[],
    method?: SeedOrdering
  ): Duel[];

  /**
   * Generic implementation.
   *
   * @param previousDuels Always given.
   * @param currentDuelCount Always given.
   * @param major Only for loser bracket.
   * @param losers Only for minor rounds of loser bracket.
   * @param method Only for minor rounds. Ordering method for the losers.
   */
  private getCurrentDuels(
    previousDuels: Duel[],
    currentDuelCount: number,
    major?: boolean,
    losers?: ParticipantSlot[],
    method?: SeedOrdering
  ): Duel[] {
    if (
      (major === undefined || major) &&
      previousDuels.length === currentDuelCount
    ) {
      // First round.
      return previousDuels;
    }

    if (major === undefined || major) {
      // From major to major (WB) or minor to major (LB).
      return helpers.transitionToMajor(previousDuels);
    }

    // From major to minor (LB).
    // Losers and method won't be undefined.
    return helpers.transitionToMinor(previousDuels, losers!, method);
  }

  /**
   * Returns a list of slots.
   * - If `seeding` was given, inserts them in the storage.
   * - If `size` was given, only returns a list of empty slots.
   *
   * @param positions An optional list of positions (seeds) for a manual ordering.
   */
  public getSlots(positions?: number[]): ParticipantSlot[] {
    const size = this.stage.settings?.size || this.stage.seeding?.length || 0;
    helpers.ensureValidSize(this.stage.type, size);

    if (size && !this.stage.seeding)
      return Array.from(Array(size), (_: ParticipantSlot, i) => ({
        id: null,
        position: i + 1,
      }));

    if (!this.stage.seeding)
      throw Error("Either size or seeding must be given.");

    this.stage.settings = {
      ...this.stage.settings,
      size, // Always set the size.
    };

    helpers.ensureNoDuplicates(this.stage.seeding);
    this.stage.seeding = helpers.fixSeeding(this.stage.seeding, size);

    if (this.stage.type !== "round_robin" && this.stage.settings.balanceByes)
      this.stage.seeding = helpers.balanceByes(
        this.stage.seeding,
        this.stage.settings.size
      );

    if (helpers.isSeedingWithIds(this.stage.seeding))
      return this.getSlotsUsingIds(this.stage.seeding, positions);

    return this.getSlotsUsingNames(this.stage.seeding, positions);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the list of slots with a seeding containing names. Participants may be added to database.
   *
   * @param seeding The seeding (names).
   * @param positions An optional list of positions (seeds) for a manual ordering.
   */
  private getSlotsUsingNames(
    seeding: Seeding,
    positions?: number[]
  ): ParticipantSlot[] {
    const participants = helpers.extractParticipantsFromSeeding(
      this.stage.tournamentId,
      seeding
    );

    if (!this.registerParticipants(participants))
      throw Error("Error registering the participants.");

    // Get participants back with IDs.
    const added = this.storage.select("participant", {
      tournament_id: this.stage.tournamentId,
    });
    if (!added) throw Error("Error getting registered participant.");

    return helpers.mapParticipantsNamesToDatabase(seeding, added, positions);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the list of slots with a seeding containing IDs. No database mutation.
   *
   * @param seeding The seeding (IDs).
   * @param positions An optional list of positions (seeds) for a manual ordering.
   */
  private getSlotsUsingIds(
    seeding: Seeding,
    positions?: number[]
  ): ParticipantSlot[] {
    const participants = this.storage.select("participant", {
      tournament_id: this.stage.tournamentId,
    });
    if (!participants) throw Error("No available participants.");

    return helpers.mapParticipantsIdsToDatabase(
      seeding,
      participants,
      positions
    );
  }

  /**
   * Gets the current stage number based on existing stages.
   */
  private getStageNumber(): number {
    const stages = this.storage.select("stage", {
      tournament_id: this.stage.tournamentId,
    });
    const stageNumbers = stages?.map((stage) => stage.number);

    if (this.stage.number !== undefined) {
      if (stageNumbers?.includes(this.stage.number))
        throw Error("The given stage number already exists.");

      return this.stage.number;
    }

    if (!stageNumbers?.length) return 1;

    const maxNumber = Math.max(...stageNumbers);
    return maxNumber + 1;
  }

  /**
   * Safely gets `matchesChildCount` in the stage input settings.
   */
  private getMatchesChildCount(): number {
    if (!this.stage.settings?.matchesChildCount) return 0;

    return this.stage.settings.matchesChildCount;
  }

  /**
   * Safely gets an ordering by its index in the stage input settings.
   *
   * @param orderingIndex Index of the ordering.
   * @param stageType A value indicating if the method should be a group method or not.
   * @param defaultMethod The default method to use if not given.
   */
  private getOrdering(
    orderingIndex: number,
    stageType: "elimination" | "groups",
    defaultMethod: SeedOrdering
  ): SeedOrdering {
    if (!this.stage.settings?.seedOrdering) {
      this.seedOrdering.push(defaultMethod);
      return defaultMethod;
    }

    const method = this.stage.settings.seedOrdering[orderingIndex];
    if (!method) {
      this.seedOrdering.push(defaultMethod);
      return defaultMethod;
    }

    if (stageType === "elimination" && method.match(/^groups\./))
      throw Error(
        "You must specify a seed ordering method without a 'groups' prefix"
      );

    if (
      stageType === "groups" &&
      method !== "natural" &&
      !method.match(/^groups\./)
    )
      throw Error(
        "You must specify a seed ordering method with a 'groups' prefix"
      );

    return method;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the duels in groups for a round-robin stage.
   */
  private getRoundRobinGroups(): ParticipantSlot[][] {
    if (
      this.stage.settings?.groupCount === undefined ||
      !Number.isInteger(this.stage.settings.groupCount)
    )
      throw Error("You must specify a group count for round-robin stages.");

    if (this.stage.settings.groupCount <= 0)
      throw Error("You must provide a strictly positive group count.");

    if (this.stage.settings?.manualOrdering) {
      if (
        this.stage.settings?.manualOrdering.length !==
        this.stage.settings?.groupCount
      )
        throw Error(
          "Group count in the manual ordering does not correspond to the given group count."
        );

      const positions = this.stage.settings?.manualOrdering.flat();
      const slots = this.getSlots(positions);

      return helpers.makeGroups(slots, this.stage.settings.groupCount);
    }

    if (
      Array.isArray(this.stage.settings.seedOrdering) &&
      this.stage.settings.seedOrdering.length !== 1
    )
      throw Error("You must specify one seed ordering method.");

    const method = this.getRoundRobinOrdering();
    const slots = this.getSlots();
    const ordered = ordering[method](slots, this.stage.settings.groupCount);
    return helpers.makeGroups(ordered, this.stage.settings.groupCount);
  }

  /**
   * Returns the ordering method for the groups in a round-robin stage.
   */
  public getRoundRobinOrdering(): SeedOrdering {
    return this.getOrdering(0, "groups", "groups.effort_balanced");
  }

  /**
   * Returns the ordering method for the first round of the upper bracket of an elimination stage.
   */
  public getStandardBracketFirstRoundOrdering(): SeedOrdering {
    return this.getOrdering(0, "elimination", "inner_outer");
  }

  /**
   * Safely gets the only major ordering for the lower bracket.
   *
   * @param participantCount Number of participants in the stage.
   */
  private getMajorOrdering(participantCount: number): SeedOrdering {
    return this.getOrdering(
      1,
      "elimination",
      defaultMinorOrdering[participantCount]?.[0] || "natural"
    );
  }

  /**
   * Safely gets a minor ordering for the lower bracket by its index.
   *
   * @param participantCount Number of participants in the stage.
   * @param index Index of the minor round.
   * @param minorRoundCount Number of minor rounds.
   */
  private getMinorOrdering(
    participantCount: number,
    index: number,
    minorRoundCount: number
  ): SeedOrdering | undefined {
    // No ordering for the last minor round. There is only one participant to order.
    if (index === minorRoundCount - 1) return undefined;

    return this.getOrdering(
      2 + index,
      "elimination",
      defaultMinorOrdering[participantCount]?.[1 + index] || "natural"
    );
  }

  /**
   * Inserts a stage or finds an existing one.
   *
   * @param stage The stage to insert.
   */
  private insertStage(stage: OmitId<Stage>): number {
    let existing: Stage | null = null;

    if (this.updateMode)
      existing = this.storage.select("stage", this.currentStageId);

    if (!existing) return this.storage.insert("stage", stage);

    return existing.id;
  }

  /**
   * Inserts a group or finds an existing one.
   *
   * @param group The group to insert.
   */
  private insertGroup(group: OmitId<Group>): number {
    let existing: Group | null = null;

    if (this.updateMode) {
      existing = this.storage.selectFirst("group", {
        stage_id: group.stage_id,
        number: group.number,
      });
    }

    if (!existing) return this.storage.insert("group", group);

    return existing.id;
  }

  /**
   * Inserts a round or finds an existing one.
   *
   * @param round The round to insert.
   */
  private insertRound(round: OmitId<Round>): number {
    let existing: Round | null = null;

    if (this.updateMode) {
      existing = this.storage.selectFirst("round", {
        group_id: round.group_id,
        number: round.number,
      });
    }

    if (!existing) return this.storage.insert("round", round);

    return existing.id;
  }

  /**
   * Inserts a match or updates an existing one.
   *
   * @param match The match to insert.
   * @param existing An existing match corresponding to the current one.
   */
  private insertMatch(match: OmitId<Match>, existing: Match | null): number {
    if (!existing) return this.storage.insert("match", match);

    const updated = helpers.getUpdatedMatchResults(
      match,
      existing,
      this.enableByesInUpdate
    ) as Match;
    if (!this.storage.update("match", existing.id, updated))
      throw Error("Could not update the match.");

    return existing.id;
  }

  /**
   * Inserts a match game or finds an existing one (and updates it).
   *
   * @param matchGame The match game to insert.
   */
  private insertMatchGame(matchGame: OmitId<MatchGame>): number {
    let existing: MatchGame | null = null;

    if (this.updateMode) {
      existing = this.storage.selectFirst("match_game", {
        parent_id: matchGame.parent_id,
        number: matchGame.number,
      });
    }

    if (!existing) return this.storage.insert("match_game", matchGame);

    const updated = helpers.getUpdatedMatchResults(
      matchGame,
      existing,
      this.enableByesInUpdate
    ) as MatchGame;
    if (!this.storage.update("match_game", existing.id, updated))
      throw Error("Could not update the match game.");

    return existing.id;
  }

  /**
   * Inserts missing participants.
   *
   * @param participants The list of participants to process.
   */
  private registerParticipants(participants: OmitId<Participant>[]): boolean {
    const existing = this.storage.select("participant", {
      tournament_id: this.stage.tournamentId,
    });

    // Insert all if nothing.
    if (!existing || existing.length === 0)
      return this.storage.insert("participant", participants);

    // Insert only missing otherwise.
    for (const participant of participants) {
      if (existing.some((value) => value.name === participant.name)) continue;

      const result = this.storage.insert("participant", participant);
      if (result === -1) return false;
    }

    return true;
  }

  /**
   * Creates a new stage.
   */
  private createStage(): Stage {
    const number = this.getStageNumber();
    const stage: OmitId<Stage> = {
      tournament_id: this.stage.tournamentId,
      name: this.stage.name,
      type: this.stage.type,
      number: number,
      settings: this.stage.settings || {},
    };

    const stageId = this.insertStage(stage);

    if (stageId === -1) throw Error("Could not insert the stage.");

    return { ...stage, id: stageId };
  }

  /**
   * Creates a consolation final for the semi final losers of a single elimination stage.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the stage.
   * @param losers The semi final losers who will play the consolation final.
   */
  private createConsolationFinal(
    stageId: number,
    losers: ParticipantSlot[][]
  ): void {
    if (!this.stage.settings?.consolationFinal) return;

    const semiFinalLosers = losers[losers.length - 2] as Duel;
    this.createUniqueMatchBracket(stageId, 2, [semiFinalLosers]);
  }

  /**
   * Creates a grand final (none, simple or double) for winners of both bracket in a double elimination stage.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the stage.
   * @param winnerWb The winner of the winner bracket.
   * @param winnerLb The winner of the loser bracket.
   */
  private createGrandFinal(
    stageId: number,
    winnerWb: ParticipantSlot,
    winnerLb: ParticipantSlot
  ): void {
    // No Grand Final by default.
    const grandFinal = this.stage.settings?.grandFinal;
    if (grandFinal === "none") return;

    // One duel by default.
    const finalDuels: Duel[] = [[winnerWb, winnerLb]];

    // Second duel.
    if (grandFinal === "double") finalDuels.push([{ id: null }, { id: null }]);

    this.createUniqueMatchBracket(stageId, 3, finalDuels);
  }

  /**
   * Ensures that the seed ordering list is stored even if it was not given in the first place.
   *
   * @param stageId ID of the stage.
   */
  private ensureSeedOrdering(stageId: number): void {
    if (this.stage.settings?.seedOrdering?.length === this.seedOrdering.length)
      return;

    const stage = this.storage.select("stage", stageId);
    if (!stage) throw Error("Stage not found.");

    stage.settings = {
      ...stage.settings,
      seedOrdering: this.seedOrdering,
    };

    if (!this.storage.update("stage", stageId, stage))
      throw Error("Could not update the stage.");
  }
}