diff --git a/app/models/collection.rb b/app/models/collection.rb
index 39680721d20..c5082269e02 100644
--- a/app/models/collection.rb
+++ b/app/models/collection.rb
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ class Collection < ApplicationRecord
   validates :language, language: { if: :local?, allow_nil: true }
   validate :tag_is_usable
   validate :items_do_not_exceed_limit
+  validate :user_does_not_exceed_limit, on: :create
 
   scope :with_items, -> { includes(:collection_items).merge(CollectionItem.with_accounts) }
   scope :with_tag, -> { includes(:tag) }
@@ -105,4 +106,11 @@ class Collection < ApplicationRecord
   def items_do_not_exceed_limit
     errors.add(:collection_items, :too_many, count: MAX_ITEMS) if pending_or_accepted_items.size > MAX_ITEMS
   end
+
+  def user_does_not_exceed_limit
+    return unless local?
+
+    limit = account.user.role.collection_limit
+    errors.add(:base, :too_many, count: limit) if account.collections.count >= limit
+  end
 end
diff --git a/app/models/user_role.rb b/app/models/user_role.rb
index e98d9bc479b..32e67a0dc2f 100644
--- a/app/models/user_role.rb
+++ b/app/models/user_role.rb
@@ -4,15 +4,16 @@
 #
 # Table name: user_roles
 #
-#  id          :bigint(8)        not null, primary key
-#  color       :string           default(""), not null
-#  highlighted :boolean          default(FALSE), not null
-#  name        :string           default(""), not null
-#  permissions :bigint(8)        default(0), not null
-#  position    :integer          default(0), not null
-#  require_2fa :boolean          default(FALSE), not null
-#  created_at  :datetime         not null
-#  updated_at  :datetime         not null
+#  id               :bigint(8)        not null, primary key
+#  collection_limit :integer          default(10), not null
+#  color            :string           default(""), not null
+#  highlighted      :boolean          default(FALSE), not null
+#  name             :string           default(""), not null
+#  permissions      :bigint(8)        default(0), not null
+#  position         :integer          default(0), not null
+#  require_2fa      :boolean          default(FALSE), not null
+#  created_at       :datetime         not null
+#  updated_at       :datetime         not null
 #
 
 class UserRole < ApplicationRecord
@@ -104,6 +105,7 @@ class UserRole < ApplicationRecord
   validates :name, presence: true, unless: :everyone?
   validates :color, format: { with: CSS_COLORS }, if: :color?
   validates :position, numericality: { in: (-POSITION_LIMIT..POSITION_LIMIT) }
+  validates :collection_limit, numericality: { only_integer: true, greater_than_or_equal_to: 0 }
 
   validate :validate_permissions_elevation
   validate :validate_position_elevation
diff --git a/app/serializers/rest/role_serializer.rb b/app/serializers/rest/role_serializer.rb
index 5b81c6e0487..a3d8af64b21 100644
--- a/app/serializers/rest/role_serializer.rb
+++ b/app/serializers/rest/role_serializer.rb
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 class REST::RoleSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
   attributes :id, :name, :permissions, :color, :highlighted
 
+  attribute :collection_limit, if: -> { Mastodon::Feature.collections_enabled? }
+
   def id
     object.id.to_s
   end
diff --git a/app/views/admin/roles/_form.html.haml b/app/views/admin/roles/_form.html.haml
index e4477392479..0d24e82d3ca 100644
--- a/app/views/admin/roles/_form.html.haml
+++ b/app/views/admin/roles/_form.html.haml
@@ -32,6 +32,14 @@
 
   %hr.spacer/
 
+- if Mastodon::Feature.collections_enabled?
+
+  .fields-group
+    = form.input :collection_limit,
+                 wrapper: :with_label
+
+  %hr.spacer/
+
 - unless current_user.role == form.object
 
   .field-group
diff --git a/config/locales/simple_form.en.yml b/config/locales/simple_form.en.yml
index 72f6548532f..249c8202d13 100644
--- a/config/locales/simple_form.en.yml
+++ b/config/locales/simple_form.en.yml
@@ -160,6 +160,7 @@ en:
           other: We have to make sure you're at least %{count} to use %{domain}. We won't store this.
         role: The role controls which permissions the user has.
       user_role:
+        collection_limit: Limits the number of Collections that a single user with this role can create. Please note that when you decrease this number, users who are already at this limit will not lose any Collections. But they will not be able to create additional ones.
         color: Color to be used for the role throughout the UI, as RGB in hex format
         highlighted: This makes the role publicly visible
         name: Public name of the role, if role is set to be displayed as a badge
@@ -386,6 +387,7 @@ en:
         role: Role
         time_zone: Time zone
       user_role:
+        collection_limit: Maximum number of Collections per user
         color: Badge color
         highlighted: Display role as badge on user profiles
         name: Name
diff --git a/db/migrate/20260420124030_add_collection_limit_to_user_roles.rb b/db/migrate/20260420124030_add_collection_limit_to_user_roles.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..659fd4b0f9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db/migrate/20260420124030_add_collection_limit_to_user_roles.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+class AddCollectionLimitToUserRoles < ActiveRecord::Migration[8.1]
+  def change
+    add_column :user_roles, :collection_limit, :integer, null: false, default: 10
+  end
+end
diff --git a/db/schema.rb b/db/schema.rb
index 677ed7caa96..8523182b5e3 100644
--- a/db/schema.rb
+++ b/db/schema.rb
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #
 # It's strongly recommended that you check this file into your version control system.
 
-ActiveRecord::Schema[8.1].define(version: 2026_04_15_133505) do
+ActiveRecord::Schema[8.1].define(version: 2026_04_20_124030) do
   # These are extensions that must be enabled in order to support this database
   enable_extension "pg_catalog.plpgsql"
 
@@ -1337,6 +1337,7 @@ ActiveRecord::Schema[8.1].define(version: 2026_04_15_133505) do
   end
 
   create_table "user_roles", force: :cascade do |t|
+    t.integer "collection_limit", default: 10, null: false
     t.string "color", default: "", null: false
     t.datetime "created_at", null: false
     t.boolean "highlighted", default: false, null: false
diff --git a/spec/models/collection_spec.rb b/spec/models/collection_spec.rb
index df3a5eca410..b9a54536421 100644
--- a/spec/models/collection_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/collection_spec.rb
@@ -71,6 +71,20 @@ RSpec.describe Collection do
         it { is_expected.to be_valid }
       end
     end
+
+    context 'when the user is already at the per-user limit of collections' do
+      subject { Fabricate.build(:collection, account:) }
+
+      let(:role) { Fabricate(:user_role, collection_limit: 2) }
+      let(:user) { Fabricate(:user, role:) }
+      let(:account) { user.account }
+
+      before do
+        Fabricate.times(2, :collection, account:)
+      end
+
+      it { is_expected.to_not be_valid }
+    end
   end
 
   describe '#item_for' do
diff --git a/spec/models/user_role_spec.rb b/spec/models/user_role_spec.rb
index 547fc718cc3..ad2b0864c90 100644
--- a/spec/models/user_role_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/models/user_role_spec.rb
@@ -31,6 +31,12 @@ RSpec.describe UserRole do
       it { is_expected.to_not allow_values('x', '112233445566', '#xxyyzz').for(:color) }
     end
 
+    describe 'collection_limit' do
+      subject { Fabricate.build :user_role }
+
+      it { is_expected.to validate_numericality_of(:collection_limit).only_integer.is_greater_than_or_equal_to(0) }
+    end
+
     context 'when current_account is set' do
       subject { Fabricate :user_role }
 
diff --git a/spec/serializers/rest/role_serializer_spec.rb b/spec/serializers/rest/role_serializer_spec.rb
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..5b380475872
--- /dev/null
+++ b/spec/serializers/rest/role_serializer_spec.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'rails_helper'
+
+RSpec.describe REST::RoleSerializer do
+  subject { serialized_record_json(role, described_class) }
+
+  let(:everyone) do
+    Fabricate.build(:user_role, permissions: 0)
+  end
+  let(:role) do
+    Fabricate.build(:user_role, id: 2342, name: 'test role', color: '#ABC', highlighted: true, permissions: 2300, collection_limit: 11)
+  end
+
+  before do
+    allow(UserRole).to receive(:everyone).and_return(everyone)
+  end
+
+  it 'includes the relevant attributes' do
+    expect(subject)
+      .to include({
+        'id' => '2342',
+        'name' => 'test role',
+        'color' => '#ABC',
+        'highlighted' => true,
+        'permissions' => '2300',
+      })
+  end
+
+  context 'when collections are enabled', feature: :collections do
+    it 'includes the relevant attributes' do
+      expect(subject)
+        .to include({
+          'id' => '2342',
+          'name' => 'test role',
+          'color' => '#ABC',
+          'highlighted' => true,
+          'permissions' => '2300',
+          'collection_limit' => 11,
+        })
+    end
+  end
+end